在Python中,树形结构可以通过类和字典来实现。下面是一个使用类和`defaultdict`来创建树形结构的示例:
from collections import defaultdictclass TreeNode:def __init__(self, value):self.value = valueself.children = []def add_child(self, child_node):self.children.append(child_node)使用defaultdict创建树形结构def tree():return defaultdict(tree)示例:创建用户树形结构users = tree()users['harold']['username'] = 'bell'users['handler']['username'] = 'master'打印树形结构print(json.dumps(users, indent=4))

如果你想要一个更通用的树形结构,可以使用递归定义,如下所示:
from collections import defaultdictdef tree():return defaultdict(tree)示例:创建一个分类学上的树形结构taxonomy = tree()taxonomy['Animalia']['Chordata']['Mammalia']['Carnivora']['Felidae']['Felis']['cat'] = Nonetaxonomy['Animalia']['Chordata']['Mammalia']['Carnivora']['Felidae']['Panthera']['lion'] = Nonetaxonomy['Animalia']['Chordata']['Mammalia']['Carnivora']['Canidae']['Canis']['dog'] = Nonetaxonomy['Animalia']['Chordata']['Mammalia']['Carnivora']['Canidae']['Canis']['coyote'] = None打印树形结构print(json.dumps(taxonomy, indent=4))
以上代码展示了如何使用Python的`defaultdict`和自定义的`TreeNode`类来创建和打印树形结构。
