在Java中模拟多线程并发可以通过以下几种方法实现:
继承Thread类
创建一个类继承自`Thread`,并重写`run()`方法,然后创建该类的对象并调用`start()`方法启动线程。
class MyThread extends Thread {public void run() {// 线程执行的代码}}public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {MyThread thread1 = new MyThread();MyThread thread2 = new MyThread();thread1.start();thread2.start();}}
实现Runnable接口
创建一个类实现`Runnable`接口,并重写`run()`方法,然后创建该接口实现类的对象,将该对象传递给`Thread`类的构造方法,并调用`start()`方法启动线程。
class MyRunnable implements Runnable {public void run() {// 线程执行的代码}}public class Main {public static void main(String[] args) {MyRunnable runnable = new MyRunnable();Thread thread = new Thread(runnable);thread.start();}}
使用线程池
使用`ExecutorService`创建线程池,可以预先创建和管理一组线程,提高多线程并发的性能。
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;import java.util.concurrent.Executors;public class ThreadPoolExample {public static void main(String[] args) {ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {executor.execute(() -> {// 线程执行的代码});}executor.shutdown();}}
使用同步机制
使用`synchronized`关键字或`Lock`接口实现同步机制,防止多个线程同时访问共享资源。

class SynchronizedExample {private int counter = 0;public synchronized void increment() {counter++;}public synchronized int getCounter() {return counter;}}
使用信号量和闭锁
使用`Semaphore`和`CountDownLatch`可以模拟高并发场景,`Semaphore`用于控制同时访问某一资源的线程数量,`CountDownLatch`用于等待一组线程完成操作。
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;import java.util.concurrent.Executors;import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;public class SemaphoreExample {private static final int THREAD_COUNT = 10;private static final Semaphore semaphore = new Semaphore(1);private static final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(THREAD_COUNT);public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {ExecutorService executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(THREAD_COUNT);for (int i = 0; i < THREAD_COUNT; i++) {executor.execute(() -> {try {semaphore.acquire();// 访问共享资源的代码semaphore.release();} catch (InterruptedException e) {Thread.currentThread().interrupt();} finally {latch.countDown();}});}latch.await();executor.shutdown();}}
以上方法可以帮助你模拟Java中的多线程并发场景。请根据具体需求选择合适的方法
