在Python中,`str`函数用于将其他数据类型转换为字符串类型。以下是`str`函数的一些常见用法:
创建字符串对象
```python
s = "Hello, World!"
访问字符串中的字符
```python
print(s) 输出:H
获取字符串的长度
```python
print(len(s)) 输出:13
字符串切片
```python
print(s[7:12]) 输出:World
字符串拼接
```python
s1 = "Hello"
s2 = "World"
s3 = s1 + " " + s2
print(s3) 输出:Hello World
字符串格式化
```python
name = "Alice"
age = 25
print("My name is %s and I'm %d years old." % (name, age)) 输出:My name is Alice and I'm 25 years old.
字符串查找和替换
```python
s = "Hello, World!"
print(s.find("World")) 输出:7
print(s.replace("Hello", "Hi")) 输出:Hi, World!
字符串大小写转换
```python
s = "Hello"
print(s.lower()) 输出:hell
print(s.upper()) 输出:HELLO
字符串分割和连接
```python
s = "Hello, World!"
print(s.split(",")) 输出:['Hello', ' World!']
print(" ".join(["Hello", "World!"])) 输出:Hello World!
将其他数据类型转换为字符串
```python
num = 1234
str_num = str(num)
print(str_num, type(str_num)) 输出:1234
float_num = 3.1415
str_float = str(float_num)
print(str_float, type(str_float)) 输出:3.1415
自定义对象的字符串表示
```python
class Person(object):
def __init__(self, name="tom", age=10):
self.name = name
self.age = age
def __str__(self):
return "Your name is: " + self.name
tom = Person()
print(tom) 输出:Your name is: tom
`str`函数是Python的内置函数,可以直接使用,无需调用。如果需要将自定义对象转换为字符串,可以重写对象的`__str__`方法